Glavis Tablet (Metformin Hydrochloride)

Adult dose

The dosage should be determined based on individual drug effects and tolerance and should not exceed the recommended maximum daily dose. This drug should be started at a low dose to reduce gastrointestinal adverse reactions and to identify the minimum dose needed for adequate blood glucose control, taken 500mg with meals 2 to 3 times a day. The dosage may be gradually increased by 500mg weekly, and when taking 2000mg, it should typically be taken in divided doses in the morning and evening. When exceeding 2000mg, it should be taken in three divided doses with meals, and can be taken up to a maximum of 2550mg per day. Upon starting treatment and adjusting the dosage, blood glucose should be measured fasting to assess the therapeutic response and to identify the minimum effective dose. Glycohemoglobin levels should be measured approximately every three months. The treatment goal with this drug is to reduce fasting blood glucose and glycohemoglobin levels to normal or near-normal levels when administered alone, or in combination with sulfonylureas or insulin, at the minimum effective dose. Generally, when blood glucose has been controlled with diet alone but becomes temporarily unmanageable, short-term use of this drug can provide sufficient efficacy. For children and adolescents, this drug can be used for those aged 10 and older. The typical starting dose is 500 milligrams once a day and should be taken during or after meals. Blood glucose levels should be measured one week later to adjust the dosage. Gastrointestinal side effects may improve with gradual dose increases. The maximum daily dosage is 2000mg, divided into 2 to 3 doses.

Child dose

Children and adolescents aged 10 and older should receive a standard starting dose of 500 milligrams once a day during or after meals. Blood glucose levels should be measured one week later to adjust the dosage.

This drug may cause severe lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia, so caution is required. It should not be administered to patients with moderate to severe renal impairment, dehydration, serious infections, heart failure, or acute myocardial infarction. Additionally, patients scheduled for examinations using iodinated contrast should stop this drug and restart only after kidney function is confirmed to be normal. It should not be used in patients with hypersensitivity to this drug or a history of type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. In cases of severe infections or traumatic systemic conditions, or patients scheduled for surgery, this drug should be temporarily discontinued and restarted after kidney function returns to normal. Caution is also needed for patients with poor nutritional status, liver dysfunction, lung function impairment, or excessive alcohol intake. During this medication, there is an increased risk of lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia with irregular meals, vigorous exercise, or taking interacting medications, so it should be administered cautiously. Lactic acidosis is a rare but very serious side effect; if symptoms such as muscle pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, or abdominal pain occur, consult a doctor immediately. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting are common, and initially increasing the dose gradually or taking it with meals may alleviate symptoms. This drug is excreted through the kidneys, so regular kidney function tests are necessary, and it should be discontinued if kidney function declines. Alcohol consumption can affect lactic metabolism and increase the risk of lactic acidosis, so excessive drinking should be avoided while taking it. If blood glucose control is poor or if hypoglycemic symptoms appear, notify medical personnel immediately, especially in the elderly or frail patients. During pregnancy, this drug crosses the placenta; therefore, patients who are planning to become pregnant or are pregnant should consult their doctor before using it. For nursing mothers, this drug is excreted in breast milk, so careful consideration should be given to the decision to continue nursing or stop medication. Dosage adjustments should be made cautiously for children and the elderly, with regular monitoring required. In cases of overdose, blood dialysis may be effective, so seek medical attention immediately. This drug has many drug interactions, so if the patient is taking other medications, they must inform medical personnel.

Serious side effects

Severe lactic acidosis (associated with acute renal function deterioration, cardiopulmonary diseases, sepsis), severe edema accompanied by increased blood pressure, severe allergic reactions (hives, severe swelling, chest tightness, difficulty breathing, cold sweat, pallor), severe skin adverse reactions (high fever and severe rash, blisters, skin peeling, pain in mucous membranes of mouth/eyes), breathing problems (shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, asthma attacks, respiratory abnormalities accompanied by cough and fever), liver

Mild side effects

Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal bloating, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, constipation, abdominal pain), metallic taste, rash, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, vitamin B12 deficiency, liver function abnormalities, hypoglycemic symptoms

This drug should be stored in a tightly sealed container to prevent air and moisture from entering. The storage temperature should be maintained between 1 and 30 degrees Celsius at room temperature. Storing it this way can help maintain the drug’s efficacy for a long time.

Appearance

White round film-coated tablet

Package unit

30 tablets/bottle, 100 tablets/bottle, 500 tablets/bottle