Cobinol Injection (Glycopyrrolate)

Adult administration

Administer intramuscularly or intravenously; it may be administered undiluted. Preoperative administration: Inject 0.004㎎ (0.02㎖) of glycopyrrolate per kg of body weight intramuscularly 30-60 minutes before the anticipated induction of anesthesia or at the recommended dose when premedication (narcotic and/or sedative) is given. Intraoperative administration: Administer to prevent vagal reflexes induced by drugs or associated with arrhythmia. Administer 0.1㎎ (0.5㎖) intravenously per dose; the dose may be repeated at 2-3 minute intervals if necessary. Determine the number of doses after identifying the cause of the arrhythmia, and take appropriate measures during surgery and anesthesia to correct parasympathetic imbalance. Administration for reversal of neuromuscular blockade: Administer 0.2㎎ (1㎖) of glycopyrrolate intravenously for every 1.0㎎ of neostigmine or 5.0㎎ of pyridostigmine. To minimize cardiac effects, administer the drugs simultaneously by intravenous injection; they may be mixed for administration. Administer 0.1㎎ (0.5㎖) of glycopyrrolate per dose 3-4 times daily at 4-hour intervals by subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous injection. If a stronger effect is required, 0.2㎎ (1.0㎖) may be administered.

Child administration

Pediatric patients aged 1 month–12 years: Administer 0.004㎎ (0.02㎖) of glycopyrrolate per ㎏ of body weight by intramuscular injection 30–60 minutes before the anticipated time of induction of anesthesia, or at the recommended dose when premedication (narcotics and/or sedatives) is given. Pediatric patients aged 1 month–2 years: A dose of 0.008㎎ (0.04㎖) per ㎏ of body weight may be administered. Pediatric patients: Because this drug has a prolonged effect, additional administration is rarely necessary when it has been given preoperatively. If additional administration is required, administer 0.004㎎ (0.02㎖) per ㎏ of body weight by intravenous injection; do not exceed a single dose of 0.1㎎ (0.5㎖). When repeated, doses should be given at 2–3-minute intervals. Pediatric patients: Administer glycopyrrolate 0.2㎎ (1㎖) by intravenous injection for every 1.0㎎ of neostigmine or 5.0㎎ of pyridostigmine. To minimize cardiac adverse effects, the drugs may be mixed and administered simultaneously by intravenous injection.

This medication can cause life-threatening respiratory problems due to benzyl alcohol when used in premature infants, so caution is needed. When opening an ampoule, glass shards may be mixed in, so it must be handled very carefully, especially when administered to children or the elderly. This medication should not be used in certain patients, including individuals with allergies to this drug, glaucoma patients, patients with obstructive issues in the bladder or gastrointestinal tract, patients with myasthenia gravis, and children under 12 years of age. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding, as well as patients with heart disease, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, and asthma should use this medication with extra caution. This medication may cause various side effects, such as dry mouth, urinary disturbances, blurred vision, increased intraocular pressure, tachycardia, palpitations, reduced sweating, loss of taste, headache, nervousness, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, erectile dysfunction, inhibition of lactation, constipation, edema, specific body types, and confusion or agitation in the elderly. Using this medication in high-temperature environments can reduce sweating, increasing the risk of heatstroke, so caution is advised. Drowsiness or visual impairment may occur, so driving or operating dangerous machinery should be avoided. In cases of overdose, an appropriate antidote is required and emergency measures such as artificial respiration may be necessary.

• Dry mouth
• urination disorder
• urinary retention
• blurred vision due to mydriasis
• increased intraocular pressure
• tachycardia
• palpitations
• reduced sweating
• loss of taste
• headache

This medication should be stored in a sealed container to prevent contact with air, and it is best to keep it at room temperature between 1 degrees and 30 degrees Celsius. Storing it this way helps maintain the medication's effectiveness.

Appearance

Colorless transparent liquid in a colorless transparent vial or ampoule injection

Package unit

1 mL x 50 ampoules, export: 2 mL x 10 ampoules