Diphomin 500 mg (Metformin Hydrochloride)

Adult dose

Dosage is determined based on individual drug effects and tolerability, with a maximum daily dose of 2550 mg. Administer 500 mg 2 to 3 times daily with meals, with dosage increases gradually by 500 mg weekly. For doses up to 2000 mg, it is usually administered in two doses daily, morning and evening. For doses exceeding 2000 mg, it should be divided into three doses with meals. Dosage adjustments and initiation should be based on measuring the treatment response to this drug and confirming the minimum effective dose by monitoring fasting blood sugar levels. Glycosylated hemoglobin levels should be measured approximately every three months. The treatment goal for this medication is to reduce fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin levels to normal or near-normal levels when administered either as monotherapy or in combination with sulfonylureas or insulin at the minimum effective dose. Generally, in patients whose blood sugar was only controlled by diet alone temporarily losing control may achieve sufficient effect from this medication in a short-term use. Children and adolescents This medication can be used for children over 10 years or adolescents in growth. The general starting dose is 500 mg once daily, taken with or after meals. Blood sugar levels need to be measured after one week to adjust the dosage. Gastrointestinal side effects may improve with gradual dosage increases. The maximum daily dose is 2000 mg; this dosage should be divided into 2 to 3 doses. Patients with renal impairment This medication may be used in patients with moderate renal impairment (stage 3a) (creatinine clearance [CrCl] 45≤~<60ml/min or glomerular filtration rate [GFR] 45≤~<60mL/min/1.73m²) if accompanied by no other symptoms that may increase the risk of lactic acidosis with dosage adjustments as follows: - The starting dose is 500 mg or 850 mg once daily. The maximum daily dose is 1000 mg, divided into two doses. Renal function should be carefully monitored every 3 to 6 months. If creatinine clearance or glomerular filtration rate decreases to below 45ml/min or 45ml/min/1.73m², this medication must be discontinued immediately.

Child dose

Children over 10 years and adolescents should take 500 mg once daily with or after a meal. After one week, blood sugar levels should be measured to adjust the dosage, with a maximum daily dose of 2000 mg divided into 2

This medication can cause severe lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia, so caution is required. It should not be administered to patients with moderate to severe renal impairment or those with dehydration, serious infections, or cardiovascular issues. Patients who are scheduled to undergo acute heart failure or specific iodinated contrast media tests should discontinue this medication and may only resume after kidney function is confirmed to be normal post-examination. This medication is not for use in patients with hypersensitivity to this drug or similar drugs, as well as in patients with Type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis. In cases of severe infections or major surgeries, administration should be temporarily halted, and treatment should continue only after the patient's condition stabilizes and renal function is normal. It is advisable to avoid use in patients with poor nutritional status, liver dysfunction, or pulmonary dysfunction, as well as in those who consume alcohol excessively. During pregnancy, this medication is not used if there is a risk of placental insufficiency or preeclampsia, and fetal development should be closely monitored if necessary. Renal function should be regularly monitored during treatment, especially in the elderly or those with impaired renal function. Symptoms of lactic acidosis may include malaise, muscle pain, difficulty breathing, and abdominal pain; if these occur, notify healthcare providers immediately. This medication can cause gastrointestinal disturbances, which typically occur at the initial administration but may improve over time. When used in combination with other medications that may affect blood sugar control, frequent monitoring of blood sugar levels is essential. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects from this medication, so avoiding excessive intake during treatment is crucial. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor when taking this medication, and careful decisions regarding drug therapy and breastfeeding should be made during lactation. When administering to children or adolescents, the type of diabetes and the effects and side effects of the drug should be closely monitored, and adjustments in dosage may be needed for the elderly depending on renal function. In cases of overdose, blood dialysis can remove the drug, so immediate medical attention is required. This medication does not cause weight gain, aiding in weight management, but regular monitoring of blood sugar and renal function is essential. Keep out of reach of children and do not transfer to another container for safety.

Serious side effects

Lactic acidosis (malaise, muscle pain, difficulty breathing, weakness, abdominal pain, decreased body temperature, hypotension, arrhythmias), severe allergic reactions (hives, severe swelling), severe skin reactions (severe rash, blisters, skin peeling, pain in mucous membranes of mouth/eyes), respiratory issues (difficulty breathing, asthma attacks, cough with fever), liver issues (yellowing of skin or eyes, generalized weakness), severe neurological symptoms (severe

Mild side effects

Gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, constipation, abdominal pain), metallic taste, rash, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, vitamin B12 deficiency, liver function abnormalities, hypoglycemia

This medication is sensitive to air and moisture, so it must be stored in a tightly sealed container. The storage temperature should be maintained at room temperature between 1 and 30 degrees Celsius. This helps preserve the drug's effectiveness and safety.

Appearance

White round film-coated tablets

Package unit

500 tablets/bottle