Penbrex Injection 500 mg (Ampicillin Sodium)

Key information summary

Efficacy & effects

This medication is used to treat various bacterial infections. For example, it is effective against skin and soft tissue infections such as boils, abscesses, cellulitis, and pyoderma. It is also used to treat upper respiratory infections like tonsillitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, and otitis media. It works well for respiratory infections such as pneumonia, lung abscess, bronchitis, and empyema. It is helpful in treating urinary tract infections such as pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, as well as sexually transmitted infections and intestinal infections like gonorrhea and bacillary dysentery. Additionally, it is used for the treatment of systemic infections including secondary infections from trauma, post-extraction infections, postoperative infections, sepsis, osteomyelitis, and intrauterine infections. In summary, this drug is broadly used for the treatment of infections caused by various bacteria.

Dosage

Capsule, dry syrup 250-500 mg (potency) of ampicillin is administered orally 4-6 times a day. Injectable 1. Intramuscular injection: 250-1000 mg (potency) of ampicillin is injected intramuscularly 2-4 times a day. 2. Intravenous injection: For severe infections, dissolve 1-2 g (potency) in 20 mL of 5% dextrose injection or normal saline and inject intravenously in 1-2 divided doses.

Precautions

This medication should not be used in patients who have previously experienced shock symptoms due to this medication. Additionally, it is safe to avoid administration in patients who have shown allergic reactions to this medication or to antibiotics from the penicillin or cephalosporin groups. The use of this medication should also be avoided in patients diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. Patients with a history of allergies or prone to symptoms like bronchial asthma, rashes, and hives should exercise caution when using this medication. Special attention is needed for patients with severely impaired kidney function, those who have difficulty with oral intake, elderly patients, and patients in poor general condition. This medication can rarely cause side effects such as shock, allergic reactions, severe gastroenteritis, blood abnormalities, central nervous system abnormalities, skin disorders, liver dysfunction, and kidney impairment, so meticulous monitoring of the patient's condition is necessary during administration. Furthermore, symptoms of bleeding tendency and vitamin K deficiency may occur due to vitamin K deficiency, so caution is warranted. To prevent the emergence of resistant bacteria, it is advisable to conduct susceptibility testing and administer for only the minimum necessary duration. It is important to thoroughly investigate the patient's condition in anticipation of possible shock reactions and prepare for emergencies. The injectable form should only be used when oral administration is not feasible, in emergencies, or when oral administration is insufficiently effective, and it is preferable to switch to oral administration as soon as possible. This medication may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives, so it is advisable to use alternative contraceptive methods simultaneously. Additionally, side effects may increase or the effect of this medication may decrease when combined with certain medications, so consultation with a doctor or pharmacist is recommended. The use of this medication in pregnant women or women who may become pregnant should be carefully considered, and it is recommended to discontinue breastfeeding if nursing. Elderly patients may experience side effects more easily due to decreased physical function, so dosage and administration intervals should be adjusted, and their condition should be closely monitored. This medication may affect certain clinical test results, so it should be taken into account during testing. When using in suspension form, the contents should be well shaken to mix uniformly and taken orally only. The injection should be administered slowly, paying attention to the injection site and method. Lastly, it is important to adhere to appropriate dosages since high-dose administration of this medication has been reported to cause malformations in animal studies.

Side effects

Shock, urticaria, severe allergic reactions, severe colitis such as pseudomembranous colitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, cholestatic jaundice, severe renal impairment such as acute renal failure, anaphylactic reactions.

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