Kerasin Injection (Ketorolac Tromethamine)

Adult administration

Adults: For intramuscular or intravenous administration, administer ketorolac tromethamine 10 mg as the initial dose, followed by maintenance doses of 10–30 mg every 4–6 hours. Use the lowest effective dose. The duration of treatment should not exceed 2 days. The daily dose should not exceed 90 mg (60 mg in elderly patients, patients with renal impairment, and patients weighing 50 kg or less). Do not administer epidurally or intrathecally. The dose or dosing interval may be adjusted according to symptoms and the severity of pain. Opioids may be coadministered if needed.

Child administration

Children 2 years of age and older: Administer a single dose of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg, followed, if needed, by 0.5 mg/kg every 6 hours. The duration of treatment should not exceed 2 days. For pediatric patients after surgery, administer as a single intravenous injection. Thereafter, repeated intravenous bolus doses may be administered as needed. Intravenous administration is recommended for children because intramuscular injection is painful. The dose or dosing interval may be adjusted according to symptoms and the severity of pain.

Patients who regularly consume more than three alcoholic beverages daily should consult with a doctor or pharmacist before taking this medication, as there is a risk of gastrointestinal bleeding when taking it. This medication may affect the cardiovascular system, potentially increasing the risk of serious cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction or stroke. Caution is especially needed for those with cardiovascular diseases or risk factors. Patients at risk of bleeding or with blood coagulation disorders should be particularly cautious when using this medication. There is a possibility of bleeding or hematoma after surgery, so special care should be taken before and after surgery. This medication may cause gastrointestinal side effects, including risks of gastric ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and perforation. Elderly or frail patients are more susceptible to these side effects, so caution is advised. Patients with impaired kidney function may experience kidney damage when taking this medication, so dosage and duration should be strictly limited. This medication can cause allergic reactions or hypersensitivity symptoms, especially in individuals who have had hypersensitivity reactions to aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should avoid taking this medication, and breastfeeding mothers should also refrain from its use. Taking this medication in combination with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases the risk of side effects and should be avoided. When using the injection, care should be taken to avoid introducing glass fragments by carefully cutting the container, especially for children or the elderly. This medication can affect various organs including the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, kidneys, and liver, so any unusual symptoms during use should be discussed with healthcare professionals immediately. Additionally, this medication can interact with multiple drugs, so if you are taking other medications, you must inform your doctor or pharmacist, and it is important to regularly monitor blood pressure and kidney function during use. Elderly patients may be more sensitive to this medication, so it should be administered at the minimum effective dose with longer intervals to reduce the likelihood of side effects. In case of overdose, serious side effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances or metabolic acidosis may occur, so the prescribed dosage should be strictly adhered to, and in the case of overdose, immediate medical attention should be sought.

Gastrointestinal bleeding, cardiovascular thrombotic reactions, myocardial infarction, stroke, bleeding, postoperative hematoma, wound bleeding, nausea, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal pain, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal distension, vomiting, stomatitis, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, perforation, hematochezia, rectal bleeding, gastritis, belching, loss of appetite, increased appetite, pancreatitis, hematemesis, esophagitis, melena, dry mouth, colitis, exacerbation of Crohn's disease, edema, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, laryngeal edema, tongue swelling, hypotension, flushing, rash, weight gain, fever, infection, asthenia, hypertension, erythema, palpitations, pallor, syncope, bradycardia, chest pain, heart failure, redness, itching, toxic epidermal necrolysis, eosinophilia, systemic symptom-associated drug reactions, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, exfoliative dermatitis, papular erythema, urticaria, angioedema, sweating, purpura, surgical site bleeding, thrombocytopenia, epistaxis, anemia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, hematoma, headache, sweating, drowsiness, dizziness, seizures, tremors, hallucinations, abnormal dreams, dissociative experiences, extrapyramidal syndrome, sensory disturbances, depression, insomnia, neuroexcitability, thirst, severe thirst, abnormal thoughts, concentration difficulties, hyperactivity, confusion, myalgia, aseptic meningitis, anxiety, psychotic reactions, hepatitis, liver failure, cholestatic jaundice, abnormal liver function tests, dyspnea, asthma, pulmonary edema, rhinitis, cough, acute renal failure, flank pain, hematuria, hypernitrogenemia, oliguria, nephritis, polyuria, nocturia, urinary retention, hemolytic uremic syndrome, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, nephrotic syndrome, elevated serum urea and creatinine levels, injection site pain, taste disturbances, visual disturbances, blurring of vision, optic neuritis, tinnitus, hearing loss, female infertility, prolonged bleeding time

This medication is sensitive to light and should be stored in a container that does not allow light to pass through. Additionally, it is important to store it at room temperature, between 1 to 30 degrees Celsius, to maintain its efficacy.

Appearance

A brown ampoule containing a light yellow transparent liquid.

Package unit

50 ampoules/box [1 mL/ampoule]