Cafniju (Caffeine Citrate)

Adult dosage

Initial dose: 1 mL/kg administered intravenously via a syringe pump for more than 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: 0.25 mL/kg taken orally or administered intravenously via a syringe pump for more than 10 minutes once a day.

Children's dosage

Initial dose: 1 mL/kg administered intravenously via a syringe pump for more than 30 minutes. Maintenance dose: 0.25 mL/kg taken orally or administered intravenously via a syringe pump for more than 10 minutes once a day.

This drug can cause a serious intestinal disease known as necrotizing enterocolitis when administered to newborns, so all newborns receiving it should be closely monitored. It should not be used in patients who are allergic to any ingredient in this drug. Care should be taken when using this drug in patients with paroxysmal disorders or issues with the heart, liver, or kidneys. Various adverse reactions, such as loss of appetite, infections, gastrointestinal issues, bleeding, skin rashes, cerebral hemorrhage, and difficulty breathing may occur; if symptoms arise, consult a healthcare professional immediately. Particularly, fluctuations in blood sugar levels in newborns may occur, so it is important to regularly check blood sugar levels. This drug stimulates the central nervous system, and caution is needed as overdose may lead to seizures. As it may affect heart function, patients with cardiovascular disease should be cautious during administration. In patients with impaired liver or kidney function, drug concentrations in the blood should be periodically tested. This drug can interact with other medications, so any concurrent medications must be reported to healthcare professionals. The safety of this drug during pregnancy has not been sufficiently studied, hence pregnant women should use it cautiously. Overdose may present symptoms such as fever, trembling, vomiting, and seizures, and immediate treatment should be sought in such cases. This drug is for single use, and any remaining medication must be discarded; ensure there is no discoloration or foreign substances before use. Keep this drug out of the reach of children and store it at the appropriate temperature. While used for treating apnea in premature infants, apnea due to other causes must first be treated; consult a physician immediately if apnea persists or gastrointestinal abnormalities are observed.

Serious side effects

• Necrotizing enterocolitis
• bleeding
• disseminated intravascular coagulation
• cerebral hemorrhage
• difficulty breathing
• pulmonary edema
• kidney failure
• severe swelling (edema)

Mild side effects

Accidental injury, anorexia, sepsis, gastritis, gastrointestinal bleeding, acidosis, abnormal healing, skin dryness, rashes, skin breakdown, central nervous system excitement (sensitivity, anxiety, irritability), tachycardia, increased left ventricular output, increased cardiac output, increased gastric aspiration, gastrointestinal intolerance, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, increased urination, increased creatinine clearance, increased excretion of sodium and calcium, retinopathy in premature infants

Store this drug in a sealed container to prevent air or moisture from entering, ideally at room temperature between 15 to 30 degrees Celsius. This will help maintain the drug's effectiveness for a longer period and prevent deterioration.

Appearance

Injection in a vial containing a colorless and transparent liquid

Package unit

2mL × Packaging unit from manufacturer