Sodium Chloride Injection 0.45%

Adult administration

Typically, 20 to 1,000 mL of sodium chloride is administered subcutaneously, intravenously, via venous drip, or rectally. The dosage and administration rate should be adjusted according to age, weight, and symptoms.

This medication is provided in the form of an ampoule injection, and care must be taken when cutting open the container to avoid glass fragments. Extra caution is required when used in children and the elderly. This medication should not be used in patients with hypernatremia, those with excessive fluid in the body, and patients with edema and ascites due to cirrhosis. Use with caution in patients with cardiac or circulatory issues, those with impaired kidney function, patients with low protein levels, patients with abnormal sodium or potassium levels, and patients with peripheral or pulmonary edema. Special caution is needed for patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (pre-eclampsia) or those undergoing certain hormone treatments, as well as for infants and the elderly. Rapid or large-volume administration of this medication can result in side effects such as decreased heart function, edema, acidosis, and electrolyte imbalances. If symptoms such as infection, pain, phlebitis, or thrombosis occur at the injection site, administration should be stopped immediately and appropriate actions taken. When administered intravenously for long periods, the patient's fluid balance and electrolyte concentrations, as well as acid-base status, should be regularly monitored closely. This medication is packaged in PVC material containing the plasticizer DEHP, which has been reported to affect reproductive systems in animal studies; however, the actual risk to humans is very low, making the use of this medication safer. Elderly patients often have reduced bodily functions, so the administration rate should be slow and dosages adjusted accordingly. Children may have a weaker ability to regulate fluids and electrolytes, so careful monitoring of serum electrolyte levels is important, as serious neurological symptoms can occur due to hyponatremia, which should be recognized as an emergency. Prior to administration, check for color, particles, or crystals in the solution, and disinfect the patient's skin and administration equipment to prevent infections. Use the medication warmed to body temperature in cold weather, and use it immediately after opening or mixing with other medications, discarding any unused portions thereafter. When administering, do so slowly to minimize side effects.

Serious side effects

Congestive heart failure, edema, acidosis, serum electrolyte abnormalities, seizures, hyponatremia, acute symptomatic hyponatremic encephalopathy

Mild side effects

Fever, infection at the injection site, local pain or reaction, venous irritation, thrombophlebitis or phlebitis extending from the injection site, leakage outside of blood vessels, fluid overload, headache, nausea, drowsiness, coma, cerebral edema

This medication should be stored in a sealed container to prevent air or moisture ingress. It is best to maintain a storage temperature between 1 and 30 degrees Celsius at room temperature. Proper storage will help maintain the medication's effectiveness.

Appearance

This medication is a colorless, transparent solution filled in a bottle made of glass, polyvinyl chloride, or multi-layer film plastic, with a slight salty taste.

Package unit

Bottle - 500 milliliters/bottle, Bottle - 1000 milliliters/bottle, Bag - 500 milliliters/bag, Bag - 1000 milliliters/bag