Magnesium Sulfate Injection

Key information summary

Efficacy & effects

This medication is used to prevent and treat seizures caused by hypomagnesemia and eclamptic seizures. It also helps prevent uterine contractions to aid in proper relaxation of the uterus during childbirth. It works effectively for patients with hypomagnesemia who require electrolyte replenishment. In summary, this drug is used to prevent seizures and convulsions, prevent uterine contractions, and improve electrolyte imbalances.

Dosage

Seizures due to hypomagnesemia: Administer 1 to 2 g of magnesium sulfate intravenously (4.05 to 8.1 mmol). Eclamptic seizures: Administer 4 to 5 g of this medication intravenously over 10 minutes (16.2 to 20.25 mmol). Prevention of uterine contractions: Administer 4 g of this medication intravenously initially (16.2 mmol), with the potential for further doses of 1 g.

Precautions

This medication comes in a glass ampoule form, so care should be taken when cutting the container as glass fragments may mix in. Special caution should be exercised when used in children and the elderly. This drug should not be used in patients with poor renal function, those in a comatose state, those with high serum magnesium levels, patients with cardiac conduction disorders, and myasthenia gravis patients. Use of this medication should be performed cautiously in children infected with intestinal parasites or patients with heart diseases. Using this drug may result in gastrointestinal side effects such as vomiting or dry mouth. Rarely, it may cause bradycardia or conduction disturbances, and rapid administration may result in flushing or vasodilation of the skin. Additionally, symptoms related to the autonomic nervous system may appear, such as headache, heaviness in the head, tremors, or tingling. Administering large amounts can lead to magnesium toxicity, characterized by sensations of warmth, thirst, hypotension, central nervous system depression, reduced heart rate, and respiratory paralysis, which requires immediate appropriate treatment. Caution is advised when using this medication in conjunction with other drugs that may enhance central nervous system suppression, and the absorption of specific antibiotics or iron supplements may be decreased when taken together. During pregnancy, it may be used for the treatment of eclampsia, but continuous monitoring of the fetal condition is necessary as it may affect the fetus, causing decreased muscle tone, reflexes, or hypotension. Caution should also be exercised during delivery as there is a risk of respiratory depression in the newborn; additionally, the possibility of fetal skeletal side effects should be considered with prolonged use. Breastfeeding women are advised to avoid administration unless absolutely necessary, as the safety of this drug has not been established. Elderly patients may have diminished bodily functions, so it should be administered slowly and in reduced doses with caution. Overdosage may result in severe side effects, and in such cases, administration should be halted, and if necessary, calcium should be administered intravenously as an antidote for treatment. This drug should be administered slowly at concentrations below 10% when given intravenously, and caution should be taken as precipitates may form when mixed with other medications. Additionally, to prevent infection, the skin and instruments should be disinfected prior to administration, and the medication should be used immediately after opening, with any remaining dose not to be reused.

Side effects

Conduction disorders, bradycardia, respiratory paralysis due to magnesium toxicity

Alternatives / Same-ingredient medications

• Cheil Pharmaceutical Magnesium Sulfate Injection 50%

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• Intravenous Injection 50% (Magnesium Sulfate Hydrate)

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• Injection 10% (Magnesium Sulfate Hydrate)

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• Daehan Magnesium Sulfate Injection 10%

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