Why do whiteheads keep appearing?

I'm bothered by the bumpy whiteheads popping up on my forehead and around my nose.... Even though I wash my face thoroughly and take care of my skin in my own way, they seem to keep appearing rather than disappearing.

In particular, it feels like small granules when touched, but I can't even touch it because I'm afraid that if I squeeze it forcibly, my skin will turn red or leave a mark.

Are whiteheads caused simply by not washing your face properly, or are they also related to sebum secretion or dead skin cells?

...?

Are there any ingredients or proper cleansing methods that might be helpful for managing whiteheads?

I am wondering if using scrubs or peeling products is effective, and I would also like to know if it is better to avoid extracting them myself at home.