When experiencing dizziness, most people worry about anemia or stroke, but about 80% of dizziness cases are caused by ear-related issues. Domestic research shows that the cause of dizziness being anemia is 1-2%, and stroke is 0.7%. If you are experiencing dizziness and do not know the cause, visiting an otolaryngologist usually reveals the cause. At the ENT clinic, causes are identified through tests such as nystagmus examination, which observes eye movements, or hearing tests. The main ear diseases and symptoms that cause dizziness are as follows.

◇Sudden severe dizziness: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) accounts for 90% of dizziness caused by the inner ear. It occurs when a small calcium carbonate crystal (otolith) that should be in the vestibular organ moves into the semicircular canals responsible for balance function. Sudden, unbearable dizziness lasting for a few seconds appears, and it worsens with body movements. Nausea may also occur. It is common among the elderly and women. Treatment involves a physical therapy called canalith repositioning procedure (Epley maneuver), which changes the head position to return the otoliths to their original place. About 90% of patients recover after just one treatment.

If you have a cold and feel dizzy: Vestibular neuritis

If dizziness occurs after having a cold, there is a possibility of vestibular neuritis. The virus that infiltrates the inner ear causes inflammation, leading to problems with balance function. In the first one or two days after onset, dizziness can be so severe that daily activities are difficult, but it gradually improves and lasts for about three weeks. Symptoms include nausea, chills, and cold sweats. During the first 1-2 days, symptoms are managed with medication, followed by vestibular rehabilitation therapy. Vestibular rehabilitation involves focusing on specific points or moving the head in various directions, and it must be continued until symptoms are alleviated.

◇ Feeling of water in the ear and hearing abnormalities: Meniere's disease